(They did come close to it in October, 1962, which prompted moves to prevent it from happening.) As a result both countries kept atomic weapons to scare the other country, but never used them. Thus, no country would win if an actually war with atomic weapons broke out. As a result, both countries realized that if one country shot a missile at the other country, that country could shoot missiles back and both countries would be destroyed. Thus, both countries manufactured many atomic weapons with which to prove their might to the other country. During the cold war both US and the USSR wanted to be the sole super power in the world. The cold war is different from other wars because it was fought on the basis of "mutually assured deterrence. The Soviet Union believed in communism, and the US believed in capitalism and that Communism was evil. The cold war between the Soviet Union and the US was a war fought about ideologies. Another term for this is "proxy wars" fought between smaller nations, with the superpowers providing material support. The two sides (US and the Soviet Union, or NATO and the Warsaw Pact) never directly fought each other. There is no specific spot where the Cold War was fought, although there were other wars that arose out of the Cold Wwar.
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